Cecilie called my attention to a comment post about Pastor John Hagee. “R” wrote:

Other than in the San Francisco Bay Area, I would estimate that the vast majority of affiliated American Jews agree with and support AIPAC. Its only a handful, typically on the far left that are other wise. Conversely, when I hear Israel being inappropriately criticized by a Jew that doesn’t practice Judaism, go to Shul, keep Kosher, speak Hebrew, celebrate the holidays etc, my first thought is,”Don’t speak as a Jew, you aren’t speaking for me.”

I thought this deserved a more detailed answer because it reflects some misconceptions that are very common among Israel advocates: that most Jews believe as they do; and that non-Zionist Jews are disaffiliated and distant from their religion.

There’s quite a lot of statistical evidence, much of it collected by Israel advocates, showing that American Jewish support for Israel is waning. Ukeles and colleagues summarized the recent studies in a 2006 report titled Young Jewish Adults in the United States Today, published by the American Jewish Committee. I’ve excerpted a few passages from Chapter Two, the Research Review.

There is a consensus among several studies that Israel is not central to young people’s Jewish identity. In Horowitz’s (2000) study of Jews ages 22 to 52 in the New York area, only 33 percent indicated that “supporting Israel” was related “a lot” to what being Jewish involved for them. In fact, on a list of fifteen values, it was ranked eleventh in significance. Finally, in a study of teens (Kadushin, Kelner, and Saxe, 2000), “caring about Israel” was cited as “very important” by only 31 percent of the respondents, lagging considerably behind several other values that were endorsed by upwards of 50 percent of the respondents…

Cohen (2005b) identified generational differences in the level of “engagement with Israel,” specifically contrasting people ages 25 to 39 with those ages 55 to 69. He found that differences were especially pronounced on items relating to “caring about Israel” and on measures related to the extent to which people talked and read about Israel. Older Jews were also more likely than their younger counterparts to hold positive images of Israelis…

Relying on the findings of several focus-group-based studies, Luntz (2005) describes a growing impatience with Israel and a growing emotional connection with the Palestinian cause, especially among Jewish graduate students. In an earlier (2003) study of people ages 18 to 29, Luntz found qualified support for Israel, accompanied by expressed comfort in questioning the Israeli position. He states that young Jews’ “association with Israel is frighteningly weak and ill defined, despite its near daily appearance in the news headlines.”

There is disagreement on how to react to these data. The authors point out that Israel attachment is higher in Jews who have visited Israel, and suggest the expansion of programs like Birthright Israel (I’d suggest that Israel attachment would be lower among Jews who’ve visited the occupied West Bank - but as far as I know, there hasn’t been a study).

About the data itself, however, there’s not much disagreement. One has to conclude that AIPAC’s staunch pro-Israel stand is far to the right of the sentiment of most American Jews.

There is more statistical support for the other contention - that only disaffiliated Jews fail to support Israel -but it’s certainly not universally true.

The Orthodox are, indeed, much more likely to be Israel supporters (though check out Dov Bear’s blog for a delightful exception); and Jewish critics of Israel will more often identify themselves as secular Jews.

Nonetheless, a read through Kushner and Solomon’s Wrestling With Zion reveals that some of the most articulate critics of Zionism are, in fact, practicing and committed Jews. Whether you agree with their critique or not, it’s obvious that it comes from deeply held Jewish values, and from a thorough understanding of Jewish religion and history.

In fact, the argument has been made that Zionism has become a substitute mode of Jewish identification for many American Jews who no longer study Torah or adhere to halakhah.

For me - as a Jew who does keep kosher, attend shul, pray, etc. - Zionism is, at best, a distraction. It represents the belief that we must take care of ourselves, because G-d cannot care for us in this dangerous and frightening world. It is the pursuit of power, and has led us into the evils that are consequent to power.

There is a strong movement afoot in the U.S. to re-engage Jewish ritual; to rediscover in Judaism the moral and spiritual strength to change the world. Many of us, disillusioned by Zionism, are enthusiastic participants in this movement.

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